The programme is said to be fully compliant with the WADA Code.
ITF president Francesco Ricci Bitti said: "While we have worked together very successfully in the past, it became evident that the programme would work more efficiently and effectively if it was centralised under one authority, avoiding the duplication of effort and structure that has existed for some time as well as any confusion in the minds of the players or the public."
The ITF will be responsible for testing at the ATP Masters Series events, ATP International Series Gold and International Series events, Challenger Events and the season-ending Tennis Masters Cup, co-owned by the ATP, Grand Slams and the ITF.
The agreement between the ATP and the ITF extends through 2010 and includes at least 600 tests at ATP events annually in addition to 500 tests on male players at events under ITF jurisdiction.
The cases will be managed by the ITF from the beginning of the process (sample collection) to the finish including any appeals to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS).
A statement read that the ATP "will continue to play a major role in the programme over the period of the agreement" and it will "consult with the ITF regarding any implementation issues and changes in rules".
The ITF hopes to enter into discussions with the WTA Tour about the possibility of also managing their anti-doping programme.
